- Ph.D., Spanish and Portuguese, University of Arizona, 2013
- M.A., Spanish and Portuguese, University of Arizona, 2008
- B.A., Latin American Studies, University of Arizona, 2004
Olimpia E. Rosenthal
Associate Professor, Spanish and Portuguese
Associate Professor, Spanish and Portuguese
I am a scholar of colonialism in Latin America. I specialize in literary and cultural production that reflects material practices of domination, the long-term effects of colonization, and the ways in which imperial power has been challenged and resisted. As a scholar of colonialism in Latin America, my research focuses primarily on the early colonial period, but also highlights the ongoing effects of this foundational period and considers how it is remembered and reimagined in postcolonial narratives, cultural production, and contemporary scholarship. My methodology is comparative and interdisciplinary. My published work considers textual, visual, and archival sources from Spanish and Portuguese America, focusing on case studies from Mexico, Peru, and Brazil. I have organized conferences, workshops and symposia working with colleagues from different disciplines, including a comparative workshop on Subaltern Studies held at Indiana University’s Gateway Center in India.
In my monograph, Race, Sex, and Segregation in Colonial Latin America (Routledge, 2022), I trace the emergence and early development of segregationist policies in Spanish and Portuguese America. I show that segregationist measures influenced the material reorganization of colonial space, shaped processes of racialization, and contributed to the politicization of reproductive sex. The book advances this argument through a series of close readings of published and archival sources from the sixteenth and early-seventeenth centuries, and it is informed by two main conceptual concerns. First, it considers how segregation was envisioned, codified, and enforced in a historical context of consolidating racial differences and changing demographics associated with racial mixture, or mestizaje/mestiçagem.Though arguments about racial mixture are regularly invoked to dismiss the effectiveness of segregationist efforts in colonial Latin America, I complicate this common assumption by showing that negative views about mestizos and other mixed-ancestry groups are in fact crucial to understand the evolution of segregationist laws and the increasing regimentation of space. Secondly, the book theorizes the interrelation between race, sex, and segregation. It traces how concerns about reproductive sex were articulated in relation to spatial segregation, and it considers how this affected women differentially because of putative views about social reproduction, feminized notions of racial purity and impurity, and legal codes like the Roman legal principle of partus sequitur ventrem (literally meaning ‘offspring follows womb’), which made maternity a key vehicle through which racial meaning was concretized and is critical to understand the notions of heritability on which Atlantic slavery was founded.